Defra

Conversion factors allowing organizations and individuals to calculate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from a range of activities, including energy use, water consumption, waste disposal, recycling and transport activities.

Summary
Name of source	Greenhouse gas reporting: conversion factors 2025
Provider	Produced by AEA for DECC and Defra
Summary text	These emission conversion factors are for use by UK and international organisations to report on 2025 greenhouse gas emissions.
Contact	[e-mail]
Licensing	Free
Language(s)	English
Website	https://www.gov.uk/environment/greenhouse-gas-emissions https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/greenhouse-gas-reporting-conversion-factors-2025

Access – data formats and accessibility
File type	HTML (web) access to .xls or .pdf file
Software needs	Microsoft Office, Adobe Reader

Contents – breadth and depth of datasets
Age	1990-2025
Geography	UK, Global
Original Data Source(s)	Original research, Industry statistics, Government publications, Other LCA databases
Other Databases Included	IEA; CENSA
IPCC AR GWPs version
Life cycle stages	Cradle-to-Grave
Modeling approach	Various
Emissions results	Total CO2e, Separate GHGs, Separate scopes, Direct and Indirect emissions
Number of datasets	+300
Main topics	Electricity; Crude oil based fuels; Natural gas based fuels; Road; Rail; Air
Other topics	End-of-life treatment; Water; Materials production; Other Services

Data transparency – what metadata is provided for each dataset?
System boundaries	Yes
Data Types	Process, Input-Output, Other
Allocation Methods	n/a
Technology	Yes
Data year	Yes
Original source	Yes
Uncertainty	No

Quality – is information provided on data quality?
Data quality score	No
Quality assurance	Yes
Standards compliant	Defra/DECC; GHG Protocol; Possible to use in product footprints